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Europe in 1914

1914 is the eve of the First World War. This map shows the 27 states and peoples the data has for Europe in that year.

Map of Europe in 1914 with 27 states and peoples
Borders: Cliopatria, Seshat Global History Databank (CC BY 4.0). Coarse outlines: check and adjust them for your story.

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States and peoples in Europe in 1914

Largest first, by area on this map.

  • Russian Empire
  • Ottoman Empire
  • Austria-Hungary
  • Kingdom of Sweden
  • German Empire
  • French Third Republic
  • Kingdom of Norway
  • Kingdom of Spain
  • Kingdom of Great Britain
  • French Africa
  • Kingdom of Italy
  • Denmark-Norway
  • United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia
  • Principality of Bulgaria
  • First Hellenic Republic
  • Serbs
  • Portuguese Republic
  • Netherlands
  • Swiss Confederation
  • Kingdom of Belgium
  • Albania
  • Montenegro
  • Qajar Dynasty
  • Luxembourg
  • Tangier International Zone
  • Principality of Andorra
  • Kingdom of Monaco

New on the map since 1889

Kingdom of Sweden · Kingdom of Norway · Portuguese Republic · Albania · Luxembourg · Tangier International Zone

Gone from the map by 1939

Russian Empire · Ottoman Empire · Austria-Hungary · German Empire · Kingdom of Spain · United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia · Serbs · Portuguese Republic · Albania · Montenegro · Qajar Dynasty

Animated maps of this time

Europe in other years

Other regions in 1914

The outlines are coarse and follow the Cliopatria dataset: borders before modern surveys are estimates, and a blank area means the data has no state on record there, not that nobody lived there. A state that changed hands during the year can appear together with its successor.