Europe in 1861
1861 is the year the American Civil War began. This map shows the 48 states and peoples the data has for Europe in that year.
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States and peoples in Europe in 1861
Largest first, by area on this map.
- Russian Empire
- Ottoman Empire
- United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
- Austrian Empire
- Second French Empire
- Kingdom of Spain
- Kingdom of Great Britain
- German Confederation
- Denmark-Norway
- Kingdom of Sardinia
- French Africa
- United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia
- Kingdom of Bavaria
- Kingdom of Portugal
- Beylik of Tunis
- Morocco
- Kingdom of Hanover
- Netherlands
- Swiss Confederation
- First Hellenic Republic
- Serbs
- Kingdom of Belgium
- Duchy of Warsaw
- Kingdom of Württemberg
- Electorate of Hesse
- Grand Duchy of Baden
- Papal States
- Qajar Dynasty
- Duchy of Mecklenburg
- Grand Duchy of Hesse
- Duchy of Nassau
- Montenegro
- Duchy of Brunswick
- Duchy of Oldenburg
- Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
- Saxe-Meiningen
- Free City of Lübeck
- Duchy of Anhalt
- Principality of Reuss-Gera
- Saxe-Altenburg
- Free City of Hamburg
- Principality of Schwarzburg-Sonderhausen
- Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
- Principality of Lippe
- Free City of Bremen
- Principality of Andorra
- Free City of Frankfurt
- Kingdom of Monaco
New on the map since 1836
Second French Empire · French Africa · United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia · Kingdom of Hanover · Montenegro
Gone from the map by 1886
Austrian Empire · Second French Empire · German Confederation · Kingdom of Sardinia · Kingdom of Bavaria · Beylik of Tunis · Kingdom of Hanover · Duchy of Warsaw · Kingdom of Württemberg · Electorate of Hesse · Grand Duchy of Baden · Papal States · Duchy of Mecklenburg · Grand Duchy of Hesse · Duchy of Nassau · Duchy of Brunswick · Duchy of Oldenburg · Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach · Saxe-Meiningen · Free City of Lübeck · Duchy of Anhalt · Principality of Reuss-Gera · Saxe-Altenburg · Free City of Hamburg · Principality of Schwarzburg-Sonderhausen · Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont · Principality of Lippe · Free City of Bremen · Free City of Frankfurt
Animated maps of this time
Europe in other years
Other regions in 1861
The outlines are coarse and follow the Cliopatria dataset: borders before modern surveys are estimates, and a blank area means the data has no state on record there, not that nobody lived there. A state that changed hands during the year can appear together with its successor.