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Southeast Asia in 1492

1492 is the year Columbus reached the Americas. This map shows the 25 states and peoples the data has for Southeast Asia in that year.

Map of Southeast Asia in 1492 with 25 states and peoples
Borders: Cliopatria, Seshat Global History Databank (CC BY 4.0). Coarse outlines: check and adjust them for your story.

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States and peoples in Southeast Asia in 1492

Largest first, by area on this map.

  • Ming Dynasty
  • Lan Xang
  • Ayutthaya Kingdom
  • Khmer Empire
  • Shan States
  • Lê Dynasty
  • Ava Kingdom
  • Kingdom of Mrauk U
  • Majapahit
  • Hanthawaddy Kingdom
  • Sultanate of Palembang
  • Lan Na Kingdom
  • Sunda Kingdom
  • Sultanate of Brunei
  • Sultanate of Bengal
  • Prome Kingdom
  • Sultanate of Kedah
  • Samudera Pasai Sultanate
  • Sultanate of Cirebon
  • Chámpa
  • Demak Sultanate
  • Sultanate of Malacca
  • Tondo
  • Namayan
  • Sultanate of Sulu

New on the map since 1442

Sultanate of Palembang · Prome Kingdom · Sultanate of Cirebon · Demak Sultanate · Sultanate of Malacca · Sultanate of Sulu

Gone from the map by 1542

Ava Kingdom · Majapahit · Sultanate of Bengal · Samudera Pasai Sultanate

Animated maps of this time

Southeast Asia in other years

Other regions in 1492

The outlines are coarse and follow the Cliopatria dataset: borders before modern surveys are estimates, and a blank area means the data has no state on record there, not that nobody lived there. A state that changed hands during the year can appear together with its successor.