by @Chris
Two thousand years of Friesland and the Frisian coast: the Roman-era Frisii, the Frisian kingdom of Radbod and its defeat by the Franks, Viking rule, the 'Frisian Freedom' without a lord, the Saxon takeover of 1498, the Guelders wars of Grutte Pier and Charles of Egmond (1514–1524), the Habsburg lordship, the Republic, the French years and the modern province. The blue-grey wash shows sea and lakes of the time where there is land today: the Middelzee, the growing Zuiderzee, the Lauwerszee. Borders before 1500 are approximate (tribal areas, Frisia Magna, the three Frisian lands); the Guelders–Habsburg front of 1515–1523 is a reconstruction by grietenij and town from the chronicles; later borders follow the 30 grietenijen and 11 cities. Sources: paleogeographic maps of Vos et al. (RCE/Deltares, CC BY 4.0); HALC 1500 parish atlas; NLGIS municipal boundaries (Boonstra, CC0); BKG VG250; Wikipedia (Frisian Kingdom, Radbod, Lex Frisionum, Rorik, Battle of Warns, Pier Gerlofs Donia, Wijerd Jelckama, Gelderse Oorlogen, Lordship of Frisia, Frise department); Worp van Thabor via toenentoen.nl; De Langen & Mol, De Vrije Fries 100 (2020).
Read the article: Friesland Through the Ages: Two Thousand Years on the Frisian Coast
Franks, later the Empire (other lands) · Saxons · Roman Empire · Frisii · Chauci · Frisian Kingdom (Aldgisl, Radbod, Poppo) · West Frisia (Zwin–Vlie), under the Franks · Middle Frisia (Vlie–Lauwers), under the Franks · East Frisia (Lauwers–Weser), under the Franks · Danish Viking rule (Rorik, Godfrid) · Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht · Guelders (Charles of Egmond) and its conquests · Holland → Burgundian/Habsburg Netherlands → Republic → Kingdom · Royalist (Spanish) side · West Frisians (free until 1289) · Westergo · Oostergo · Zevenwouden · Stellingwerven (free peasant republic) · Saxon rule (Albert and George of Saxony) · Lordship of Frisia → Province of Friesland · Department of the Ems (1798–1802) · Department of the Old IJssel (1798–1802) · Free Lordship of Ameland · Ommelanden (Frisian lands between Lauwers and Ems) · Groningen (city) → Stad en Lande → Province · East Frisia (Frisian lands, county from 1464) · Rüstringen, Östringen, Butjadingen (Frisian lands) · Sea and lakes of the time (land today)