World War II in Europe, 1939–1945: Who Held What

by @Chris

Who controlled which territory in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East from the destruction of Czecho-Slovakia (March 1939) to the Potsdam Agreement (August 1945), in 58 snapshots: sovereign states, annexations, occupation regimes (pale tints of the occupier), client states, partisan-held areas, front lines, pockets and the 1945 zones of occupation. Markers show battles, sieges, treaties, uprisings, liberations and atrocities. Accuracy: treaty and administrative lines ±2–5 km; front lines ±3–10 km where traced from German daily situation maps (Lage Ost, 1941–44), ±10–20 km in fluid phases; partisan areas are schematic. Sources: OpenHistoricalMap (CC0) dated boundaries; treaty and decree texts; OKH 'Lage Ost' situation maps (germandocsinrussia.org); US Army CMH histories and 12th Army Group situation maps; NZ, Australian and British official histories; Hungarian National Archives 1944–45 settlement data; IGN demarcation-line map (Gallica); Wikipedia in many languages. Base geometry: Natural Earth.

German-occupied territory (North Africa) · German-occupied territory (Balkans) · German-occupied territory (Central Europe) · German-occupied territory (East) · German-occupied territory (Italy) · German-occupied territory (Scandinavia) · German-occupied territory (West) · German Reich · Italian-occupied territory · Kingdom of Italy · Italian Social Republic · Hungarian-occupied territory · Hungary · Romanian-occupied territory · Romania · Bulgarian-occupied territory · Bulgaria · Finnish-occupied territory · Finland · Slovakia (occupied/administered) · Slovakia · Independent State of Croatia · Albania · Vichy France (occupied/administered) · Vichy France · Sweden · Carpatho-Ukraine (occupied/administered) · British-occupied territory · British Empire · French-occupied territory · France · Soviet-occupied territory · Soviet Union · Soviet Union · US-occupied territory · Western Allied occupation · Polish-administered territory · Poland · Czechoslovakia · Yugoslavia (occupied/administered) · Yugoslavia · Yugoslav Partisans (occupied/administered) · Yugoslav Partisans · Kingdom of Italy (co-belligerent) · Greece (occupied/administered) · Greece · Norway (occupied/administered) · Norway · Netherlands · Belgium · Luxembourg · Denmark · Austria · Spain (occupied/administered) · Spain · Spanish Republic · Portugal · Switzerland · Liechtenstein · Ireland · Iceland · Turkey · Estonia · Latvia · Lithuania · Andorra · Monaco · San Marino · Free City of Danzig · State of Hatay · Tangier International Zone (occupied/administered) · Egypt · Iraq · Iran · Saudi Arabia · Syria · Lebanon · Greek resistance · Slovak National Uprising · Italian partisans (occupied/administered) · Italian partisans · Soviet partisans · Allied joint administration (occupied/administered)