# The Wars of the Roses, 1455–1487

> Interactive animated map on Moving Polygons by Chris, 1 May 1455 – 3 Nov 1487: 488 keyframes, 141 layers, 111 events.

- Map: https://www.movingpolygons.com/map/Chris/the-wars-of-the-roses-14551487
- Article: [Tapestry: History Maps Embroidered on Linen, After House of the Dragon](https://www.movingpolygons.com/blog/tapestry-map-style)
- Embed: `<iframe src="https://www.movingpolygons.com/embed/Chris/the-wars-of-the-roses-14551487" width="800" height="600" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>`
- Last updated: 2026-10-22

## About this map

Thirty years of civil war between the houses of Lancaster and York, told through the moving armies. Every march, landing, flight and battle from the First Battle of St Albans (1455) to Stoke Field (1487) is followed day by day where the chronicles allow it: 1470, 1471 and 1485 have near-daily itineraries, and in 1471 even the hours are known. Each army is a stitched token that slides along its route, with the road it took behind it; hover a token to see whose army it is. Between dated stops the roads are reconstructed along Roman roads and the Great North Road.

The coloured counties are a reconstruction of whose affinity dominated in each phase: loyalty followed lords and the person of the king, not borders. Castles that held out (Harlech, Alnwick, Bamburgh, Dunstanburgh, St Michael's Mount) are small patches of their own colour. Dates are Julian, as in the sources; disputed battle sites and dates are noted in the markers.

Sources: the Arrivall of Edward IV, Warkworth, Gregory's Chronicle, Vergil, the Chronicle of the Rebellion in Lincolnshire, the Herald's Memoir, the Paston letters and CSP Milan; Scofield, Life and Reign of Edward IV; Ashdown-Hill's itinerary of Edward IV; the Tewkesbury Battlefield Society daily series; Battlefields Trust; Historic England registered battlefields; historyofwar.org; Wikipedia. County borders: Historic County Borders Project (https://www.county-borders.co.uk).

## Timeline

The map animates between these keyframes.

| Date | What the map shows |
| --- | --- |
| 1 May 1455 | 1 May 1455 · York and the Nevilles take up arms |
| 12 May 1455 | 12 May 1455 · York musters at Sandal Castle |
| 14 May 1455 | 14 May 1455 · York at Bawtry |
| 18 May 1455 | 18 May 1455 · Warwick joins at Huntingdon |
| 20 May 1455 | 20 May 1455 · York at Royston |
| 21 May 1455 | 21 May 1455 · York at Ware |
| 22 May 1455 | 22 May 1455 09:00 · First Battle of St Albans |
| 23 May 1455 | 23 May 1455 · York enters London |
| 22 Oct 1455 | 22 Oct 1455 · Devon musters at Tiverton Castle |
| 3 Nov 1455 | 3 Nov 1455 · Devon besieges Powderham Castle |
| 10 Nov 1455 | 10 Nov 1455 · Lord Bonville raids Colcombe Castle |
| 19 Nov 1455 | 19 Nov 1455 · Skirmish at Powderham |
| 14 Dec 1455 | 14 Dec 1455 · Devon at Exeter |
| 15 Dec 1455 | 15 Dec 1455 · Battle of Clyst Heath |
| 21 Dec 1455 | 21 Dec 1455 · Devon leaves Exeter |
| 5 Jan 1456 | 5 Jan 1456 · Devon surrenders at Shaftesbury |
| 20 Apr 1456 | 20 Apr 1456 · Warwick takes command at Calais |
| 25 Mar 1458 | 25 Mar 1458 · The "Love Day" procession |
| 24 Jun 1459 | 24 Jun 1459 · Great Council at Coventry indicts t… |
| 12 Sep 1459 | 12 Sep 1459 · Salisbury musters at Middleham Cast… |
| 17 Sep 1459 | 17 Sep 1459 · Warwick lands at Sandwich |
| 18 Sep 1459 | 18 Sep 1459 · Salisbury at Mansfield |
| 20 Sep 1459 | 20 Sep 1459 · Warwick enters London |
| 22 Sep 1459 | 22 Sep 1459 · Salisbury at Newcastle-under-Lyme |
| 23 Sep 1459 | 23 Sep 1459 13:00 · Battle of Blore Heath |
| 24 Sep 1459 | 24 Sep 1459 · Warwick at Warwick |
| 25 Sep 1459 | 25 Sep 1459 · Warwick at Coleshill |
| 27 Sep 1459 | 27 Sep 1459 · Salisbury joins at Ludlow Castle |
| 29 Sep 1459 | 29 Sep 1459 · Warwick joins at Ludlow Castle |
| 1 Oct 1459 | 1 Oct 1459 · Henry VI at Coleshill |
| 3 Oct 1459 | 3 Oct 1459 · York at Worcester |
| 5 Oct 1459 | 5 Oct 1459 · York at Tewkesbury |
| 6 Oct 1459 | 6 Oct 1459 · York at Ledbury |
| 9 Oct 1459 | 9 Oct 1459 · Henry VI at Leominster |
| 12 Oct 1459 | 12 Oct 1459 · Henry VI fights at Rout of Ludford… |
| 12 Oct 1459 | 12 Oct 1459 23:00 · Rout of Ludford Bridge |
| 13 Oct 1459 | 13 Oct 1459 · Sack of Ludlow |
| 22 Oct 1459 | 22 Oct 1459 · Edward sails from Exmouth |
| 27 Oct 1459 | 27 Oct 1459 · York lands at Howth |
| 2 Nov 1459 | 2 Nov 1459 · Edward lands at Calais |
| 10 Nov 1459 | 10 Nov 1459 · Somerset sails from Sandwich |
| 20 Nov 1459 | 20 Nov 1459 · Parliament of Devils attaints the Y… |
| 28 Feb 1460 | 28 Feb 1460 · Warwick sails from Calais |
| 23 Apr 1460 | 23 Apr 1460 · Fight at Newnham Bridge |
| 1 Jun 1460 | 1 Jun 1460 · Warwick sails from off Dartmouth |
| 23 Jun 1460 | 23 Jun 1460 · Fauconberg sails from Calais |
| 24 Jun 1460 | 24 Jun 1460 · Fauconberg lands at Sandwich |
| 26 Jun 1460 | 26 Jun 1460 · Yorkist earls land at Sandwich |
| 28 Jun 1460 | 28 Jun 1460 · Warwick leaves Canterbury |
| 30 Jun 1460 | 30 Jun 1460 · Warwick at Dartford |
| 2 Jul 1460 | 2 Jul 1460 · London opens its gates to the earls |
| 3 Jul 1460 | 3 Jul 1460 · Salisbury besieges Tower of London |
| 5 Jul 1460 | 5 Jul 1460 · Warwick leaves London |
| 7 Jul 1460 | 7 Jul 1460 17:00 · Henry VI camps at Hardingstone |
| 8 Jul 1460 | 8 Jul 1460 · Warwick at Towcester |
| 10 Jul 1460 | 10 Jul 1460 14:00 · Battle of Northampton |
| 11 Jul 1460 | 11 Jul 1460 · Margaret flees to Coventry |
| 13 Jul 1460 | 13 Jul 1460 · Warwick leaves Northampton |
| 16 Jul 1460 | 16 Jul 1460 · Warwick enters London |
| 19 Jul 1460 | 19 Jul 1460 · Salisbury at Tower of London |
| 25 Jul 1460 | 25 Jul 1460 · Margaret at Harlech Castle |
| 8 Aug 1460 | 8 Aug 1460 · Somerset surrenders at Guînes |
| 5 Sep 1460 | 5 Sep 1460 · York sails from Dublin Castle |
| 15 Sep 1460 | 15 Sep 1460 · Margaret at Pembroke Castle |
| 22 Sep 1460 | 22 Sep 1460 · York at Hereford |
| 7 Oct 1460 | 7 Oct 1460 · York at Abingdon-on-Thames |
| 10 Oct 1460 | 10 Oct 1460 · York claims the throne |
| 31 Oct 1460 | 31 Oct 1460 · Act of Accord |
| 5 Nov 1460 | 5 Nov 1460 · Edward leaves London |
| 15 Nov 1460 | 15 Nov 1460 · Edward at Ludlow Castle |
| 20 Nov 1460 | 20 Nov 1460 · Margaret sails from Harlech Castle |
| 25 Nov 1460 | 25 Nov 1460 · Somerset leaves Corfe Castle |
| 1 Dec 1460 | 1 Dec 1460 · Margaret lands at Kirkcudbright |
| 5 Dec 1460 | 5 Dec 1460 · Somerset at Evesham |
| 9 Dec 1460 | 9 Dec 1460 · York leaves London |
| 11 Dec 1460 | 11 Dec 1460 · York at Towcester |
| 14 Dec 1460 | 14 Dec 1460 · York at Nottingham |
| 16 Dec 1460 | 16 Dec 1460 · Skirmish at Worksop |
| 19 Dec 1460 | 19 Dec 1460 · York at Conisbrough Castle |
| 21 Dec 1460 | 21 Dec 1460 · York at Sandal Castle |
| 25 Dec 1460 | 25 Dec 1460 · Edward at Gloucester |
| 27 Dec 1460 | 27 Dec 1460 · Jasper Tudor lands at Milford Haven |
| 30 Dec 1460 | 30 Dec 1460 · Battle of Wakefield |
| 2 Jan 1461 | 2 Jan 1461 · Heads on Micklegate Bar |
| 12 Jan 1461 | 12 Jan 1461 · Margaret leaves Lincluden Collegiat… |
| 20 Jan 1461 | 20 Jan 1461 · Northumberland at York |
| 22 Jan 1461 | 22 Jan 1461 · Margaret at Pontefract |
| 28 Jan 1461 | 28 Jan 1461 · Margaret at Grantham |
| 30 Jan 1461 | 30 Jan 1461 · Edward at Hereford |
| 1 Feb 1461 | 1 Feb 1461 10:00 · Edward musters at Widemarsh, H… |
| 2 Feb 1461 | 2 Feb 1461 · Battle of Mortimer's Cross |
| 6 Feb 1461 | 6 Feb 1461 · Margaret at Huntingdon |
| 11 Feb 1461 | 11 Feb 1461 · Margaret at Melbourn |
| 13 Feb 1461 | 13 Feb 1461 · Warwick at St Albans |
| 16 Feb 1461 | 16 Feb 1461 · Skirmish at Dunstable |
| 17 Feb 1461 | 17 Feb 1461 07:00 · Second Battle of St Albans |
| 17 Feb 1461 | 17 Feb 1461 13:00 · London shuts its gates to Mar… |
| 17 Feb 1461 | 17 Feb 1461 17:30 · Warwick flees to Sandridge |
| 21 Feb 1461 | 21 Feb 1461 · Warwick at Chipping Norton |
| 25 Feb 1461 | 25 Feb 1461 · Margaret at Huntingdon |
| 26 Feb 1461 | 26 Feb 1461 · Edward enters London |
| 4 Mar 1461 | 4 Mar 1461 · Edward proclaimed King Edward IV |
| 7 Mar 1461 | 7 Mar 1461 · Warwick leaves London |
| 8 Mar 1461 | 8 Mar 1461 · Duke of Norfolk's East Anglians at B… |
| 10 Mar 1461 | 10 Mar 1461 · Duke of Norfolk's East Anglians mus… |
| 13 Mar 1461 | 13 Mar 1461 · Edward joins at joins Edward IV's a… |
| 15 Mar 1461 | 15 Mar 1461 · Warwick at Lichfield |
| 18 Mar 1461 | 18 Mar 1461 · Edward at Cambridge |
| 21 Mar 1461 | 21 Mar 1461 · Edward at Grantham |
| 22 Mar 1461 | 22 Mar 1461 · Edward at Nottingham |
| 25 Mar 1461 | 25 Mar 1461 · Somerset musters at York |
| 27 Mar 1461 | 27 Mar 1461 · Fauconberg joins at Pontefract |
| 28 Mar 1461 | 28 Mar 1461 05:30 · Battle of Ferrybridge |
| 28 Mar 1461 | 28 Mar 1461 · Skirmish at Dintingdale |
| 29 Mar 1461 | 29 Mar 1461 06:30 · Battle of Towton |
| 29 Mar 1461 | 29 Mar 1461 09:00 · Edward fights at Battle of To… |
| 30 Mar 1461 | 30 Mar 1461 · Edward enters York |
| 1 Apr 1461 | 1 Apr 1461 · Henry VI at Newcastle upon Tyne |
| 10 Apr 1461 | 10 Apr 1461 · Henry VI at Edinburgh |
| 17 Apr 1461 | 17 Apr 1461 · Edward leaves York |
| 22 Apr 1461 | 22 Apr 1461 · Edward at Durham |
| 25 Apr 1461 | 25 Apr 1461 · Berwick handed to the Scots |
| 30 Apr 1461 | 30 Apr 1461 · Edward leaves Durham |
| 6 May 1461 | 6 May 1461 · Edward at Middleham Castle |
| 17 May 1461 | 17 May 1461 · Edward at Preston |
| 25 May 1461 | 25 May 1461 · Margaret musters at Dumfries |
| 3 Jun 1461 | 3 Jun 1461 · Margaret besieges Carlisle |
| 8 Jun 1461 | 8 Jun 1461 · Montagu leaves Middleham Castle |
| 13 Jun 1461 | 13 Jun 1461 · Edward at Sheen |
| 18 Jun 1461 | 18 Jun 1461 · Relief of Carlisle |
| 26 Jun 1461 | 26 Jun 1461 · Edward enters London |
| 28 Jun 1461 | 28 Jun 1461 · Coronation of Edward IV |
| 25 Aug 1461 | 25 Aug 1461 · Warwick leaves Newcastle |
| 4 Sep 1461 | 4 Sep 1461 · Edward enters Bristol |
| 10 Sep 1461 | 10 Sep 1461 · Edward leaves Bristol |
| 17 Sep 1461 | 17 Sep 1461 · Edward at Hereford |
| 26 Sep 1461 | 26 Sep 1461 · Edward leaves Ludlow |
| 30 Sep 1461 | 30 Sep 1461 · Pembroke Castle surrenders |
| 16 Oct 1461 | 16 Oct 1461 · Battle of Twt Hill |
| 15 Jan 1462 | 15 Jan 1462 · Herbert at Denbigh Castle |
| 12 Apr 1462 | 12 Apr 1462 · Margaret sails from Kirkcudbright |
| 20 Apr 1462 | 20 Apr 1462 · Sir Richard Herbert leaves Raglan C… |
| 1 May 1462 | 1 May 1462 · Sir Richard Herbert at Carreg Cennen… |
| 13 Jul 1462 | 13 Jul 1462 · Margaret enters Rouen |
| 15 Aug 1462 | 15 Aug 1462 · Margaret at Boulogne-sur-Mer |
| 20 Oct 1462 | 20 Oct 1462 · Margaret sails from Boulogne-sur-Mer |
| 25 Oct 1462 | 25 Oct 1462 · Margaret lands at Bamburgh |
| 6 Nov 1462 | 6 Nov 1462 · Warwick musters at Newcastle |
| 13 Nov 1462 | 13 Nov 1462 · Margaret sails from Bamburgh Castle |
| 14 Nov 1462 | 14 Nov 1462 · Fight on Lindisfarne |
| 19 Nov 1462 | 19 Nov 1462 · Edward at York |
| 25 Nov 1462 | 25 Nov 1462 · Edward at Durham |
| 1 Dec 1462 | 1 Dec 1462 · Earl of Kent & Lord Scales: siege of… |
| 10 Dec 1462 | 10 Dec 1462 · Montagu besieges Bamburgh Castle |
| 26 Dec 1462 | 26 Dec 1462 · Montagu at Bamburgh Castle |
| 28 Dec 1462 | 28 Dec 1462 · Somerset submits to Edward IV |
| 5 Jan 1463 | 5 Jan 1463 · Stand-off at Alnwick |
| 15 Jan 1463 | 15 Jan 1463 · Edward leaves Durham |
| 20 Jan 1463 | 20 Jan 1463 · Warwick at Newcastle |
| 26 Jan 1463 | 26 Jan 1463 · Edward at Fotheringhay Castle |
| 15 Mar 1463 | 15 Mar 1463 · |
| 1 Jun 1463 | 1 Jun 1463 · Montagu leaves London |
| 12 Jun 1463 | 12 Jun 1463 · Montagu skirmish at Newcastle |
| 20 Jun 1463 | 20 Jun 1463 · Warwick at Newcastle |
| 1 Jul 1463 | 1 Jul 1463 · Scottish army musters at Edinburgh |
| 9 Jul 1463 | 9 Jul 1463 · Scottish army besieges Norham Castle |
| 18 Jul 1463 | 18 Jul 1463 · Edward at Northampton |
| 26 Jul 1463 | 26 Jul 1463 · Siege of Norham Castle |
| 31 Jul 1463 | 31 Jul 1463 · Margaret sails from Bamburgh to Slu… |
| 5 Aug 1463 | 5 Aug 1463 · Warwick at Newcastle |
| 20 Aug 1463 | 20 Aug 1463 · Edward at London |
| 31 Aug 1463 | 31 Aug 1463 · Margaret at Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise |
| 13 Sep 1463 | 13 Sep 1463 · Edward at York |
| 1 Nov 1463 | 1 Nov 1463 · Edward at Pontefract Castle |
| 3 Dec 1463 | 3 Dec 1463 · Edward at York |
| 9 Dec 1463 | 9 Dec 1463 · Anglo-Scottish truce signed at York |
| 12 Dec 1463 | 12 Dec 1463 · Somerset defects back to Henry VI |
| 18 Dec 1463 | 18 Dec 1463 · Somerset at Bamburgh Castle |
| 20 Jan 1464 | 20 Jan 1464 · Edward at Coventry |
| 4 Feb 1464 | 4 Feb 1464 · Edward at Gloucester |
| 10 Feb 1464 | 10 Feb 1464 · Edward leaves Gloucester |
| 15 Feb 1464 | 15 Feb 1464 · Edward at Cambridge |
| 1 Mar 1464 | 1 Mar 1464 · Somerset musters at Bamburgh Castle |
| 20 Mar 1464 | 20 Mar 1464 · Somerset at Norham Castle |
| 10 Apr 1464 | 10 Apr 1464 · Somerset at Alnwick Castle |
| 15 Apr 1464 | 15 Apr 1464 · Sir Humphrey Neville's ambush near… |
| 20 Apr 1464 | 20 Apr 1464 · Sir Humphrey Neville's ambush near… |
| 24 Apr 1464 | 24 Apr 1464 · Sir Humphrey Neville's ambush near… |
| 25 Apr 1464 | 25 Apr 1464 · Battle of Hedgeley Moor |
| 27 Apr 1464 | 27 Apr 1464 · Montagu at Norham Castle |
| 28 Apr 1464 | 28 Apr 1464 · Montagu at Belford, Northumberland |
| 30 Apr 1464 | 30 Apr 1464 · Edward at Stony Stratford |
| 1 May 1464 | 1 May 1464 · Edward IV marries Elizabeth Woodville |
| 3 May 1464 | 3 May 1464 · Edward at Leicester |
| 5 May 1464 | 5 May 1464 · Montagu at York |
| 8 May 1464 | 8 May 1464 · Somerset at Bywell Castle |
| 13 May 1464 | 13 May 1464 · Edward leaves Leicester |
| 14 May 1464 | 14 May 1464 · Montagu at Newcastle |
| 15 May 1464 | 15 May 1464 · Battle of Hexham |
| 22 May 1464 | 22 May 1464 · Montagu at Pontefract Castle |
| 27 May 1464 | 27 May 1464 · Montagu at York |
| 15 Jun 1464 | 15 Jun 1464 · Henry VI at Edinburgh |
| 23 Jun 1464 | 23 Jun 1464 · Warwick at Alnwick Castle |
| 25 Jun 1464 | 25 Jun 1464 · Siege of Bamburgh Castle |
| 3 Jul 1464 | 3 Jul 1464 · Warwick at Bamburgh Castle |
| 14 Jul 1464 | 14 Jul 1464 · Edward at Doncaster |
| 25 Jul 1464 | 25 Jul 1464 · Edward at Leicester |
| 1 Mar 1465 | 1 Mar 1465 · Henry VI at Crackenthorpe |
| 1 May 1465 | 1 May 1465 · Henry VI at Furness Abbey |
| 13 Jul 1465 | 13 Jul 1465 · Henry VI captured |
| 24 Jul 1465 | 24 Jul 1465 · Henry VI led to the Tower |
| 24 Jun 1468 | 24 Jun 1468 · Jasper Tudor sails from Honfleur |
| 30 Jun 1468 | 30 Jun 1468 · Jasper Tudor lands at Barmouth |
| 5 Jul 1468 | 5 Jul 1468 · Herbert musters at Raglan Castle |
| 10 Jul 1468 | 10 Jul 1468 · Sir Richard Herbert musters at Ches… |
| 17 Jul 1468 | 17 Jul 1468 · Sir Richard Herbert at Denbigh |
| 20 Jul 1468 | 20 Jul 1468 · Rout of Jasper Tudor (Conwy valley) |
| 25 Jul 1468 | 25 Jul 1468 · Jasper Tudor flees to Holt, Wrexham |
| 14 Aug 1468 | 14 Aug 1468 · Harlech surrenders |
| 10 May 1469 | 10 May 1469 · Robin of Holderness's rising muster… |
| 20 May 1469 | 20 May 1469 · Rout of Robin of Holderness |
| 5 Jun 1469 | 5 Jun 1469 · Edward leaves London |
| 12 Jun 1469 | 12 Jun 1469 · Warwick at Sandwich, Kent |
| 18 Jun 1469 | 18 Jun 1469 · Edward at Norwich |
| 28 Jun 1469 | 28 Jun 1469 · Robin of Redesdale musters at Middl… |
| 1 Jul 1469 | 1 Jul 1469 · Robin of Redesdale at Boroughbridge |
| 4 Jul 1469 | 4 Jul 1469 · Warwick at Canterbury |
| 6 Jul 1469 | 6 Jul 1469 · Warwick sails from Sandwich, Kent |
| 8 Jul 1469 | 8 Jul 1469 · Edward at Newark-on-Trent |
| 11 Jul 1469 | 11 Jul 1469 · Clarence marries Isabel Neville at… |
| 12 Jul 1469 | 12 Jul 1469 · Devon musters at Dorchester, Dorset |
| 14 Jul 1469 | 14 Jul 1469 · Herbert musters at Raglan Castle |
| 15 Jul 1469 | 15 Jul 1469 · Warwick sails from Calais |
| 16 Jul 1469 | 16 Jul 1469 · Warwick lands at Sandwich, Kent |
| 18 Jul 1469 | 18 Jul 1469 · Warwick at Canterbury |
| 20 Jul 1469 | 20 Jul 1469 · Warwick leaves Canterbury |
| 21 Jul 1469 | 21 Jul 1469 · Warwick enters London |
| 22 Jul 1469 | 22 Jul 1469 · Skirmish near Northampton |
| 23 Jul 1469 | 23 Jul 1469 · Warwick's vanguard at Dunstable |
| 24 Jul 1469 | 24 Jul 1469 14:00 · Battle of Edgecote Moor |
| 26 Jul 1469 | 26 Jul 1469 · Warwick at Towcester |
| 27 Jul 1469 | 27 Jul 1469 · Robin of Redesdale joins at Northam… |
| 29 Jul 1469 | 29 Jul 1469 · Edward IV a prisoner: Warwick rules |
| 30 Jul 1469 | 30 Jul 1469 · Edward at Leicester |
| 31 Jul 1469 | 31 Jul 1469 · Edward IV taken prisoner at Olney |
| 8 Aug 1469 | 8 Aug 1469 · Edward at Warwick Castle |
| 13 Aug 1469 | 13 Aug 1469 · Edward leaves Warwick Castle |
| 25 Aug 1469 | 25 Aug 1469 · Edward at Middleham Castle |
| 2 Sep 1469 | 2 Sep 1469 · Warwick at Sheriff Hutton Castle |
| 12 Sep 1469 | 12 Sep 1469 · Warwick musters at York |
| 19 Sep 1469 | 19 Sep 1469 · Edward at Pontefract Castle |
| 25 Sep 1469 | 25 Sep 1469 · Sir Humphrey Neville's Lancastrian… |
| 30 Sep 1469 | 30 Sep 1469 · Edward at Pontefract Castle |
| 13 Oct 1469 | 13 Oct 1469 · Edward IV returns to London |
| 4 Mar 1470 | 4 Mar 1470 · Welles at Ranby, Lincolnshire |
| 6 Mar 1470 | 6 Mar 1470 · Welles musters at Ranby, Lincolnshire |
| 8 Mar 1470 | 8 Mar 1470 · Edward at Buntingford |
| 9 Mar 1470 | 9 Mar 1470 · Warwick at Daventry |
| 10 Mar 1470 | 10 Mar 1470 · Warwick musters at Warwick Castle |
| 11 Mar 1470 | 11 Mar 1470 · Welles at Melton Mowbray |
| 12 Mar 1470 | 12 Mar 1470 · Battle of Losecoat Field (Empingham) |
| 14 Mar 1470 | 14 Mar 1470 · Edward at Grantham |
| 16 Mar 1470 | 16 Mar 1470 · Edward at Newark-on-Trent |
| 18 Mar 1470 | 18 Mar 1470 · Edward at Doncaster |
| 20 Mar 1470 | 20 Mar 1470 · Edward at Rotherham |
| 21 Mar 1470 | 21 Mar 1470 · Edward at Pontefract Castle |
| 23 Mar 1470 | 23 Mar 1470 · Warwick at Whitchurch, Shropshire |
| 26 Mar 1470 | 26 Mar 1470 · Edward at York |
| 31 Mar 1470 | 31 Mar 1470 · Edward at Nottingham |
| 8 Apr 1470 | 8 Apr 1470 · Warwick sails from Dartmouth, Devon |
| 12 Apr 1470 | 12 Apr 1470 · Fight off Southampton |
| 16 Apr 1470 | 16 Apr 1470 · Calais refuses Warwick |
| 25 Apr 1470 | 25 Apr 1470 · Edward at Salisbury |
| 1 May 1470 | 1 May 1470 · Warwick lands at Honfleur |
| 10 May 1470 | 10 May 1470 · Edward at Salisbury |
| 5 Jun 1470 | 5 Jun 1470 · Edward at Canterbury |
| 20 Jun 1470 | 20 Jun 1470 · Edward at London |
| 8 Jul 1470 | 8 Jul 1470 · Warwick at Valognes |
| 25 Jul 1470 | 25 Jul 1470 · Lord Fitzhugh's rising musters at R… |
| 1 Aug 1470 | 1 Aug 1470 · Edward leaves London |
| 10 Aug 1470 | 10 Aug 1470 · Lord Fitzhugh's rising at Richmond… |
| 15 Aug 1470 | 15 Aug 1470 · Warwick at Valognes |
| 21 Aug 1470 | 21 Aug 1470 · Edward at York |
| 9 Sep 1470 | 9 Sep 1470 · Warwick sails from Saint-Vaast-la-Ho… |
| 13 Sep 1470 | 13 Sep 1470 · Warwick and Clarence land in Devon |
| 13 Sep 1470 | 13 Sep 1470 21:00 · Warwick lands at Dartmouth, D… |
| 16 Sep 1470 | 16 Sep 1470 · Warwick at Exeter |
| 18 Sep 1470 | 18 Sep 1470 · Edward leaves York |
| 20 Sep 1470 | 20 Sep 1470 · Montagu musters at Pontefract Castle |
| 22 Sep 1470 | 22 Sep 1470 · Warwick at Bristol |
| 27 Sep 1470 | 27 Sep 1470 · Montagu defects to Warwick |
| 28 Sep 1470 | 28 Sep 1470 · Edward at Sleaford |
| 29 Sep 1470 | 29 Sep 1470 · Edward IV flees from Lynn |
| 30 Sep 1470 | 30 Sep 1470 · Edward at Hunstanton |
| 2 Oct 1470 | 2 Oct 1470 · Edward sails from King's Lynn |
| 3 Oct 1470 | 3 Oct 1470 · Henry VI released from the Tower (Re… |
| 5 Oct 1470 | 5 Oct 1470 · Montagu at Pontefract Castle |
| 6 Oct 1470 | 6 Oct 1470 15:00 · Henry VI restored (Readeption) |
| 10 Oct 1470 | 10 Oct 1470 · Jasper Tudor at Hereford |
| 20 Oct 1470 | 20 Oct 1470 · Jasper Tudor at Weobley |
| 2 Jan 1471 | 2 Jan 1471 · Edward at Aire-sur-la-Lys |
| 7 Jan 1471 | 7 Jan 1471 · Edward at Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise |
| 12 Mar 1471 | 12 Mar 1471 19:00 · Edward at Cromer |
| 13 Mar 1471 | 13 Mar 1471 · Edward sails from Cromer |
| 14 Mar 1471 | 14 Mar 1471 · Edward IV lands at Ravenspur |
| 16 Mar 1471 | 16 Mar 1471 · Edward at Beverley |
| 18 Mar 1471 | 18 Mar 1471 · Edward at York |
| 20 Mar 1471 | 20 Mar 1471 · Edward at Wakefield |
| 22 Mar 1471 | 22 Mar 1471 · Oxford at King's Lynn |
| 23 Mar 1471 | 23 Mar 1471 · Oxford at Spalding |
| 24 Mar 1471 | 24 Mar 1471 · Oxford at Newark |
| 25 Mar 1471 | 25 Mar 1471 · Edward at Nottingham |
| 26 Mar 1471 | 26 Mar 1471 02:00 · Newark scare (Lancastrian fli… |
| 28 Mar 1471 | 28 Mar 1471 · Warwick at Coventry |
| 29 Mar 1471 | 29 Mar 1471 · Warwick shut in Coventry |
| 31 Mar 1471 | 31 Mar 1471 · Edward at Warwick Castle |
| 2 Apr 1471 | 2 Apr 1471 · Clarence at Burford |
| 3 Apr 1471 | 3 Apr 1471 15:00 · Clarence rejoins Edward on the… |
| 5 Apr 1471 | 5 Apr 1471 · Edward at Coventry |
| 6 Apr 1471 | 6 Apr 1471 · Edward at Daventry |
| 8 Apr 1471 | 8 Apr 1471 · Edward at Northampton |
| 10 Apr 1471 | 10 Apr 1471 · Edward at St Albans |
| 11 Apr 1471 | 11 Apr 1471 · London opens to Edward IV |
| 13 Apr 1471 | 13 Apr 1471 15:00 · Margaret sails from Honfleur |
| 14 Apr 1471 | 14 Apr 1471 04:30 · Battle of Barnet |
| 14 Apr 1471 | 14 Apr 1471 15:00 · Margaret of Anjou lands at We… |
| 14 Apr 1471 | 14 Apr 1471 19:00 · Margaret lands at Weymouth |
| 15 Apr 1471 | 15 Apr 1471 · Margaret at Cerne Abbey |
| 18 Apr 1471 | 18 Apr 1471 · Margaret at Chard |
| 20 Apr 1471 | 20 Apr 1471 · Jasper Tudor at Pembroke Castle |
| 22 Apr 1471 | 22 Apr 1471 · Margaret leaves Exeter |
| 24 Apr 1471 | 24 Apr 1471 · Margaret at Taunton |
| 26 Apr 1471 | 26 Apr 1471 · Margaret at Glastonbury |
| 28 Apr 1471 | 28 Apr 1471 · Edward at Abingdon |
| 29 Apr 1471 | 29 Apr 1471 · Edward at Cirencester |
| 30 Apr 1471 | 30 Apr 1471 · Margaret at Bath |
| 2 May 1471 | 2 May 1471 13:00 · Skirmish at Chipping Sodbury |
| 3 May 1471 | 3 May 1471 10:00 · Gloucester shuts its gates to… |
| 4 May 1471 | 4 May 1471 08:00 · Battle of Tewkesbury |
| 4 May 1471 | 4 May 1471 · Prince Edward of Lancaster killed |
| 6 May 1471 | 6 May 1471 · Edward at Tewkesbury |
| 7 May 1471 | 7 May 1471 · Margaret captured at Little Malvern |
| 8 May 1471 | 8 May 1471 · Fauconberg sails from Sandwich |
| 10 May 1471 | 10 May 1471 · Edward at Warwick |
| 11 May 1471 | 11 May 1471 · Edward at Coventry |
| 12 May 1471 | 12 May 1471 · Fight at London Bridge (first assau… |
| 13 May 1471 | 13 May 1471 · Fauconberg at Kingston upon Thames |
| 14 May 1471 | 14 May 1471 11:00 · Assault on London (Siege of L… |
| 16 May 1471 | 16 May 1471 · Edward leaves Coventry |
| 18 May 1471 | 18 May 1471 · Fauconberg leaves Blackheath |
| 20 May 1471 | 20 May 1471 · Fauconberg at Sandwich |
| 21 May 1471 | 21 May 1471 · Henry VI dies in the Tower |
| 23 May 1471 | 23 May 1471 · Edward leaves London |
| 25 May 1471 | 25 May 1471 · Jasper Tudor at Pembroke Castle |
| 27 May 1471 | 27 May 1471 · Fauconberg surrenders at Sandwich |
| 2 Sep 1471 | 2 Sep 1471 · Jasper and Henry Tudor sail from Ten… |
| 20 May 1473 | 20 May 1473 · Oxford sails from Dieppe |
| 1 Jun 1473 | 1 Jun 1473 · Oxford sails from Dieppe |
| 30 Sep 1473 | 30 Sep 1473 · Oxford seizes St Michael's Mount |
| 5 Oct 1473 | 5 Oct 1473 · Sir Henry Bodrugan at Mevagissey |
| 10 Oct 1473 | 10 Oct 1473 · Sir Henry Bodrugan besieges Marazion |
| 1 Dec 1473 | 1 Dec 1473 · Sir John Fortescue's siege force lea… |
| 20 Dec 1473 | 20 Dec 1473 · Sir Henry Bodrugan at Marazion |
| 15 Feb 1474 | 15 Feb 1474 · Siege of St Michael's Mount |
| 1 Mar 1474 | 1 Mar 1474 · Oxford at Hammes Castle |
| 15 Jun 1475 | 15 Jun 1475 · Edward at Barham Down |
| 4 Jul 1475 | 4 Jul 1475 · Edward sails from Sandwich |
| 18 Jul 1475 | 18 Jul 1475 · Edward leaves Calais |
| 23 Jul 1475 | 23 Jul 1475 · Edward at Fauquembergues |
| 25 Aug 1475 | 25 Aug 1475 · Edward at Amiens |
| 29 Aug 1475 | 29 Aug 1475 · Treaty of Picquigny |
| 11 Sep 1475 | 11 Sep 1475 · Edward at Calais |
| 18 Sep 1475 | 18 Sep 1475 · Edward lands at Dover |
| 28 Sep 1475 | 28 Sep 1475 · Edward at London |
| 11 Jun 1482 | 11 Jun 1482 · Richard at Fotheringhay Castle |
| 15 Jul 1482 | 15 Jul 1482 · Richard leaves York |
| 20 Jul 1482 | 20 Jul 1482 · Richard at Alnwick Castle |
| 21 Jul 1482 | 21 Jul 1482 · Lauder Bridge: James III seized by… |
| 1 Aug 1482 | 1 Aug 1482 · Richard at Edinburgh |
| 11 Aug 1482 | 11 Aug 1482 · Richard besieges Berwick-upon-Tweed |
| 24 Aug 1482 | 24 Aug 1482 · Siege of Berwick Castle |
| 9 Apr 1483 | 9 Apr 1483 · Edward IV dies at Westminster |
| 14 Apr 1483 | 14 Apr 1483 · Edward V and Earl Rivers at Ludlow… |
| 20 Apr 1483 | 20 Apr 1483 · Richard leaves Middleham Castle |
| 26 Apr 1483 | 26 Apr 1483 · Richard at Nottingham |
| 30 Apr 1483 | 30 Apr 1483 08:00 · Arrest of Rivers at Northampt… |
| 14 May 1483 | 14 May 1483 · Sir Edward Woodville's fleet at San… |
| 13 Jun 1483 | 13 Jun 1483 · Hastings executed at the Tower |
| 25 Jun 1483 | 25 Jun 1483 · Northern army summoned to London at… |
| 26 Jun 1483 | 26 Jun 1483 · Richard III accedes |
| 1 Jul 1483 | 1 Jul 1483 · Northern army summoned to London at… |
| 6 Jul 1483 | 6 Jul 1483 · Coronation of Richard III and Anne N… |
| 20 Jul 1483 | 20 Jul 1483 · Richard leaves Windsor Castle |
| 25 Jul 1483 | 25 Jul 1483 · Richard at Woodstock |
| 31 Jul 1483 | 31 Jul 1483 · Richard at Gloucester |
| 5 Aug 1483 | 5 Aug 1483 · Richard at Worcester |
| 15 Aug 1483 | 15 Aug 1483 · Richard at Coventry |
| 20 Aug 1483 | 20 Aug 1483 · Richard at Nottingham |
| 25 Aug 1483 | 25 Aug 1483 · Richard at Doncaster |
| 20 Sep 1483 | 20 Sep 1483 · Richard leaves York |
| 28 Sep 1483 | 28 Sep 1483 · Richard at Pontefract |
| 10 Oct 1483 | 10 Oct 1483 · Richard at Gainsborough |
| 13 Oct 1483 | 13 Oct 1483 · Kentish rebels at Gravesend |
| 18 Oct 1483 | 18 Oct 1483 · Buckingham raises his standard at B… |
| 20 Oct 1483 | 20 Oct 1483 · Dorset & the Courtenays at Cullompt… |
| 22 Oct 1483 | 22 Oct 1483 · Richard at Leicester |
| 24 Oct 1483 | 24 Oct 1483 · Richard at Coventry |
| 28 Oct 1483 | 28 Oct 1483 · Richard at Oxford |
| 30 Oct 1483 | 30 Oct 1483 · Buckingham captured at Wem |
| 1 Nov 1483 | 1 Nov 1483 · Buckingham at Salisbury |
| 2 Nov 1483 | 2 Nov 1483 · Buckingham executed at Salisbury |
| 4 Nov 1483 | 4 Nov 1483 · Henry Tudor at Poole |
| 7 Nov 1483 | 7 Nov 1483 · Dorset & the Courtenays at Exeter |
| 8 Nov 1483 | 8 Nov 1483 · Richard at Exeter |
| 10 Nov 1483 | 10 Nov 1483 · Henry Tudor lands at Valognes |
| 25 Nov 1483 | 25 Nov 1483 · Richard at London |
| 20 Jul 1484 | 20 Jul 1484 · Albany & Douglas raid into Scotland… |
| 22 Jul 1484 | 22 Jul 1484 · Battle of Lochmaben Fair |
| 28 Oct 1484 | 28 Oct 1484 · Oxford at Hammes Castle |
| 5 Nov 1484 | 5 Nov 1484 · Oxford escapes from Hammes with his… |
| 10 Dec 1484 | 10 Dec 1484 · Calais garrison besieging Hammes le… |
| 10 Jan 1485 | 10 Jan 1485 · Oxford besieges Hammes Castle |
| 17 May 1485 | 17 May 1485 · Richard leaves Windsor Castle |
| 22 May 1485 | 22 May 1485 · Lovell at Southampton |
| 9 Jun 1485 | 9 Jun 1485 · Richard at Nottingham Castle |
| 1 Aug 1485 | 1 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor sails from Harfleur |
| 3 Aug 1485 | 3 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at sea: off Cap de la Ha… |
| 5 Aug 1485 | 5 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at sea: off Land's End |
| 7 Aug 1485 | 7 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor lands at Mill Bay |
| 7 Aug 1485 | 7 Aug 1485 19:30 · Henry Tudor lands at Mill Bay |
| 10 Aug 1485 | 10 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Cardigan |
| 12 Aug 1485 | 12 Aug 1485 · Richard at Nottingham Castle |
| 14 Aug 1485 | 14 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Mathafarn |
| 15 Aug 1485 | 15 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Caersws |
| 16 Aug 1485 | 16 Aug 1485 · Rhys ap Thomas joins Henry at Long… |
| 17 Aug 1485 | 17 Aug 1485 · John Howard, Duke of Norfolk at Cam… |
| 18 Aug 1485 | 18 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Shrewsbury |
| 19 Aug 1485 | 19 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Stafford |
| 20 Aug 1485 | 20 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Tamworth |
| 21 Aug 1485 | 21 Aug 1485 · Henry meets the Stanleys at Atherst… |
| 22 Aug 1485 | 22 Aug 1485 08:00 · Battle of Bosworth |
| 22 Aug 1485 | 22 Aug 1485 · Henry proclaimed king on Crown Hill |
| 24 Aug 1485 | 24 Aug 1485 · Henry Tudor at Coventry |
| 31 Aug 1485 | 31 Aug 1485 · Sir Robert Willoughby's mission to… |
| 3 Sep 1485 | 3 Sep 1485 · Henry VII enters London |
| 30 Oct 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 · Coronation of Henry VII |
| 18 Jan 1486 | 18 Jan 1486 · Henry VII marries Elizabeth of York |
| 10 Mar 1486 | 10 Mar 1486 · Henry Tudor leaves St John's Priory… |
| 20 Mar 1486 | 20 Mar 1486 · Lovell leaves St John's Abbey, Colc… |
| 29 Mar 1486 | 29 Mar 1486 · Henry Tudor leaves Lincoln Cathedral |
| 10 Apr 1486 | 10 Apr 1486 · Humphrey & Thomas Stafford's Worces… |
| 15 Apr 1486 | 15 Apr 1486 · Lovell and the Staffords rise for Y… |
| 20 Apr 1486 | 20 Apr 1486 · Henry VII enters York |
| 27 Apr 1486 | 27 Apr 1486 · Jasper Tudor at York |
| 2 May 1486 | 2 May 1486 · Henry Tudor leaves York |
| 11 May 1486 | 11 May 1486 · Humphrey & Thomas Stafford's Worces… |
| 19 May 1486 | 19 May 1486 · Henry Tudor at Gloucester |
| 26 May 1486 | 26 May 1486 · Henry Tudor leaves Bristol |
| 5 Jun 1486 | 5 Jun 1486 · Henry Tudor at Sheen Palace |
| 8 Jul 1486 | 8 Jul 1486 · Humphrey & Thomas Stafford's Worcest… |
| 15 Jan 1487 | 15 Jan 1487 · |
| 2 Feb 1487 | 2 Feb 1487 · Lincoln at Sheen Palace |
| 6 Mar 1487 | 6 Mar 1487 · Henry Tudor leaves Sheen Palace |
| 19 Mar 1487 | 19 Mar 1487 · Lincoln flees to Burgundy |
| 12 Apr 1487 | 12 Apr 1487 · Henry Tudor at Norwich |
| 22 Apr 1487 | 22 Apr 1487 · Henry Tudor at Coventry |
| 5 May 1487 | 5 May 1487 · Lincoln lands at Dublin |
| 10 May 1487 | 10 May 1487 · Thomas FitzGerald's Irish kerns at… |
| 24 May 1487 | 24 May 1487 · Lambert Simnel crowned 'Edward VI'… |
| 2 Jun 1487 | 2 Jun 1487 · Lincoln sails from Dublin |
| 3 Jun 1487 | 3 Jun 1487 · Lincoln at sea: off the Calf of Man |
| 4 Jun 1487 | 4 Jun 1487 · Rebels land in Furness |
| 5 Jun 1487 | 5 Jun 1487 · Lincoln at Greenodd |
| 6 Jun 1487 | 6 Jun 1487 · Lincoln at Sedbergh |
| 8 Jun 1487 | 8 Jun 1487 · Lincoln at Masham |
| 10 Jun 1487 | 10 Jun 1487 · Lincoln at Bramham Moor |
| 10 Jun 1487 | 10 Jun 1487 22:00 · Night attack at Tadcaster (Br… |
| 12 Jun 1487 | 12 Jun 1487 · Attack on Bootham Bar, York |
| 13 Jun 1487 | 13 Jun 1487 · Lords Scrope of Bolton and Masham a… |
| 14 Jun 1487 | 14 Jun 1487 · Lincoln at Southwell |
| 16 Jun 1487 | 16 Jun 1487 09:00 · Battle of Stoke Field |
| 16 Jun 1487 | 16 Jun 1487 · Lambert Simnel captured |
| 15 Jul 1487 | 15 Jul 1487 · Henry Tudor at Pontefract |
| 30 Jul 1487 | 30 Jul 1487 · Henry Tudor at York |
| 10 Aug 1487 | 10 Aug 1487 · Henry Tudor at Durham |
| 15 Aug 1487 | 15 Aug 1487 · Henry Tudor at Newcastle upon Tyne |
| 15 Sep 1487 | 15 Sep 1487 · Henry Tudor at Warwick Castle |
| 3 Nov 1487 | 3 Nov 1487 · Henry Tudor at London |

## Layers

| Layer | First shown | Last keyframe |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lancastrian: Henry VI's crown and its lords | 1 May 1455 | 18 Jan 1486 |
| Yorkist: York, Edward IV, Richard III | 1 May 1455 | 16 Jun 1487 |
| Warwick and Clarence (1469–70) | 6 Jul 1469 | 21 Aug 1470 |
| Risings against the king (Lincolnshire 1470, Buckingham 1483) | 4 Mar 1470 | 8 Nov 1483 |
| Tudor: Henry VII | 7 Aug 1485 | 16 Jun 1487 |
| Kingdom of Scotland | 1 May 1455 | 24 Aug 1482 |
| Richard, Duke of York — route | 14 May 1455 | 22 Jan 1461 |
| Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick (the Kingmaker) — route | 18 May 1455 | 6 May 1471 |
| King Henry VI — route | 21 May 1455 | 24 Jun 1468 |
| Courtenay, Earl of Devon — route | 3 Nov 1455 | 12 Sep 1469 |
| Lord Bonville — route | 3 Nov 1455 | 20 Apr 1456 |
| Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury — route | 17 Sep 1459 | 5 Sep 1460 |
| Margaret of Anjou — route | 17 Sep 1459 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| Lord Audley's Cheshire army (1459) — route | 22 Sep 1459 | 22 Oct 1459 |
| York & Rutland flee to Ireland — route | 13 Oct 1459 | 20 Nov 1459 |
| Edward of March, King Edward IV — route | 13 Oct 1459 | 11 Jun 1482 |
| The Beaufort dukes of Somerset — route | 20 Nov 1459 | 7 May 1471 |
| Lord Fauconberg and his Bastard — route | 24 Jun 1460 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| The Percy earls of Northumberland — route | 5 Dec 1460 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke — route | 30 Dec 1460 | 19 May 1486 |
| Duke of Norfolk's East Anglians — route | 7 Mar 1461 | 22 Apr 1461 |
| Edward IV's army (Towton 1461) — route | 13 Mar 1461 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| Lord Clifford's raid on Ferrybridge — route | 28 Mar 1461 | 22 Apr 1461 |
| John Neville, Lord Montagu — route | 13 Jun 1461 | 26 Apr 1471 |
| William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke — route | 10 Sep 1461 | 25 Aug 1469 |
| Sir Richard Herbert — route | 1 May 1462 | 10 May 1469 |
| Seigneur de Graville's French (wrecked off Holy Island) — route | 14 Nov 1462 | 10 Dec 1462 |
| Earl of Kent & Lord Scales: siege of Alnwick — route | 10 Dec 1462 | 15 Mar 1463 |
| Earl of Worcester & Sir Ralph Grey: siege of Dunstanburgh — route | 10 Dec 1462 | 20 Jan 1463 |
| Brézé & Earl of Angus: relief of Alnwick — route | 5 Jan 1463 | 15 Mar 1463 |
| Scottish armies — route | 9 Jul 1463 | 9 Apr 1483 |
| Sir Humphrey Neville's ambush near Newcastle — route | 20 Apr 1464 | 22 May 1464 |
| Robin of Holderness's rising — route | 20 May 1469 | 12 Jun 1469 |
| Robin of Redesdale's rising — route | 1 Jul 1469 | 25 Aug 1469 |
| Warwick's vanguard (Parr, Gate, Clapham) — route | 23 Jul 1469 | 25 Aug 1469 |
| Archbishop George Neville's horsemen (arrest at Olney) — route | 31 Jul 1469 | 25 Aug 1469 |
| Sir Humphrey Neville's Lancastrian rising (1469) — route | 2 Sep 1469 | 4 Mar 1470 |
| Sir Robert Welles (Lincolnshire) — route | 8 Mar 1470 | 8 Apr 1470 |
| Lord Fitzhugh's rising (1470) — route | 1 Aug 1470 | 9 Sep 1470 |
| Earl Rivers's ship (landed at Paull) — route | 16 Mar 1471 | 8 Apr 1471 |
| George, Duke of Clarence — route | 16 Mar 1471 | 26 Apr 1471 |
| John de Vere, Earl of Oxford — route | 23 Mar 1471 | 17 May 1485 |
| Warwick's navy under Fauconberg — route | 10 May 1471 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| Essex rebels at Aldgate — route | 14 May 1471 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| Edward IV's 1,500 sent ahead to London — route | 16 May 1471 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| Richard of Gloucester, King Richard III — route | 23 May 1471 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Sir Henry Bodrugan (Cornish levies) — route | 10 Oct 1473 | 15 Feb 1474 |
| Sir John Fortescue's siege force — route | 20 Dec 1473 | 15 Jun 1475 |
| The Stanleys — route | 24 Aug 1482 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Edward V and Earl Rivers (from Ludlow) — route | 26 Apr 1483 | 13 Jun 1483 |
| Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham — route | 30 Apr 1483 | 25 Nov 1483 |
| Sir Edward Woodville's fleet — route | 30 Apr 1483 | 25 Jun 1483 |
| Northern army summoned to London (Ratcliffe) — route | 25 Jun 1483 | 31 Jul 1483 |
| Kentish rebels (1483) — route | 13 Oct 1483 | 25 Nov 1483 |
| Dorset & the Courtenays (Exeter rising) — route | 20 Oct 1483 | 20 Jul 1484 |
| Henry Tudor, King Henry VII — route | 4 Nov 1483 | 3 Nov 1487 |
| Albany & Douglas raid into Scotland — route | 22 Jul 1484 | 28 Oct 1484 |
| Calais garrison besieging Hammes — route | 10 Jan 1485 | 17 May 1485 |
| Francis, Viscount Lovell — route | 14 Aug 1485 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Rhys ap Thomas — route | 10 Aug 1485 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| John Howard, Duke of Norfolk (East Anglian levies) — route | 14 Aug 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Sir William Stanley's North Welsh/Cheshire army — route | 16 Aug 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Sir Robert Brackenbury (London contingent) — route | 16 Aug 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Hungerford & Bourchier (deserters to Henry) — route | 18 Aug 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Sir Gilbert Talbot's Shropshire retinue — route | 19 Aug 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Sir Robert Willoughby's mission to Sheriff Hutton — route | 24 Aug 1485 | 30 Oct 1485 |
| Humphrey & Thomas Stafford's Worcestershire rising — route | 29 Mar 1486 | 15 Jan 1487 |
| John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln (Lambert Simnel) — route | 12 Apr 1487 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Thomas FitzGerald's Irish kerns — route | 24 May 1487 | 16 Jun 1487 |
| Lords Scrope of Bolton and Masham (feint on York) — route | 10 Jun 1487 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Henry, Lord Clifford (York's royalist force) — route | 10 Jun 1487 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Edward Woodville, Lord Scales (royal light horse) — route | 10 Jun 1487 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Richard, Duke of York | 12 May 1455 | 2 Jan 1461 |
| Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick (the Kingmaker) | 14 May 1455 | 14 Apr 1471 |
| King Henry VI | 21 May 1455 | 24 Jun 1468 |
| Courtenay, Earl of Devon | 22 Oct 1455 | 25 Aug 1469 |
| Lord Bonville | 3 Nov 1455 | 5 Jan 1456 |
| Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury | 12 Sep 1459 | 25 Jul 1460 |
| Margaret of Anjou | 17 Sep 1459 | 12 May 1471 |
| Lord Audley's Cheshire army (1459) | 22 Sep 1459 | 24 Sep 1459 |
| York & Rutland flee to Ireland | 13 Oct 1459 | 2 Nov 1459 |
| Edward of March, King Edward IV | 13 Oct 1459 | 11 Jun 1482 |
| The Beaufort dukes of Somerset | 10 Nov 1459 | 18 Apr 1471 |
| Lord Fauconberg and his Bastard | 23 Jun 1460 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| The Percy earls of Northumberland | 1 Dec 1460 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke | 27 Dec 1460 | 2 May 1486 |
| Duke of Norfolk's East Anglians | 7 Mar 1461 | 30 Mar 1461 |
| Edward IV's army (Towton 1461) | 13 Mar 1461 | 23 May 1471 |
| Lord Clifford's raid on Ferrybridge | 27 Mar 1461 | 29 Mar 1461 |
| John Neville, Lord Montagu | 8 Jun 1461 | 3 Apr 1471 |
| William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke | 10 Sep 1461 | 29 Jul 1469 |
| Sir Richard Herbert | 20 Apr 1462 | 14 Aug 1468 |
| Seigneur de Graville's French (wrecked off Holy Island) | 13 Nov 1462 | 19 Nov 1462 |
| Earl of Kent & Lord Scales: siege of Alnwick | 1 Dec 1462 | 15 Jan 1463 |
| Earl of Worcester & Sir Ralph Grey: siege of Dunstanburgh | 1 Dec 1462 | 5 Jan 1463 |
| Brézé & Earl of Angus: relief of Alnwick | 5 Jan 1463 | 15 Jan 1463 |
| Scottish armies | 1 Jul 1463 | 11 Aug 1482 |
| Sir Humphrey Neville's ambush near Newcastle | 15 Apr 1464 | 27 Apr 1464 |
| Robin of Holderness's rising | 10 May 1469 | 5 Jun 1469 |
| Robin of Redesdale's rising | 28 Jun 1469 | 29 Jul 1469 |
| Warwick's vanguard (Parr, Gate, Clapham) | 22 Jul 1469 | 26 Jul 1469 |
| Archbishop George Neville's horsemen (arrest at Olney) | 30 Jul 1469 | 8 Aug 1469 |
| Sir Humphrey Neville's Lancastrian rising (1469) | 25 Aug 1469 | 30 Sep 1469 |
| Sir Robert Welles (Lincolnshire) | 4 Mar 1470 | 14 Mar 1470 |
| Lord Fitzhugh's rising (1470) | 25 Jul 1470 | 21 Aug 1470 |
| Earl Rivers's ship (landed at Paull) | 14 Mar 1471 | 18 Mar 1471 |
| George, Duke of Clarence | 16 Mar 1471 | 5 Apr 1471 |
| John de Vere, Earl of Oxford | 22 Mar 1471 | 17 May 1485 |
| Warwick's navy under Fauconberg | 8 May 1471 | 2 Sep 1471 |
| Essex rebels at Aldgate | 13 May 1471 | 16 May 1471 |
| Edward IV's 1,500 sent ahead to London | 16 May 1471 | 18 May 1471 |
| Richard of Gloucester, King Richard III | 23 May 1471 | 24 Aug 1485 |
| Sir Henry Bodrugan (Cornish levies) | 5 Oct 1473 | 15 Feb 1474 |
| Sir John Fortescue's siege force | 1 Dec 1473 | 1 Mar 1474 |
| The Stanleys | 1 Aug 1482 | 16 Jun 1487 |
| Edward V and Earl Rivers (from Ludlow) | 14 Apr 1483 | 14 May 1483 |
| Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham | 26 Apr 1483 | 4 Nov 1483 |
| Sir Edward Woodville's fleet | 30 Apr 1483 | 13 Jun 1483 |
| Northern army summoned to London (Ratcliffe) | 25 Jun 1483 | 20 Jul 1483 |
| Kentish rebels (1483) | 10 Oct 1483 | 4 Nov 1483 |
| Surrey/Sussex rebels at Guildford | 18 Oct 1483 | 4 Nov 1483 |
| Berkshire rebels at Newbury | 18 Oct 1483 | 30 Oct 1483 |
| Wiltshire rebels at Salisbury | 18 Oct 1483 | 1 Nov 1483 |
| Dorset & the Courtenays (Exeter rising) | 18 Oct 1483 | 8 Nov 1483 |
| Henry Tudor, King Henry VII | 2 Nov 1483 | 3 Nov 1487 |
| Albany & Douglas raid into Scotland | 20 Jul 1484 | 28 Oct 1484 |
| Calais garrison besieging Hammes | 10 Dec 1484 | 17 May 1485 |
| Francis, Viscount Lovell | 22 May 1485 | 12 Jun 1487 |
| Rhys ap Thomas | 10 Aug 1485 | 16 Jun 1487 |
| John Howard, Duke of Norfolk (East Anglian levies) | 14 Aug 1485 | 24 Aug 1485 |
| Sir William Stanley's North Welsh/Cheshire army | 15 Aug 1485 | 24 Aug 1485 |
| Sir Robert Brackenbury (London contingent) | 15 Aug 1485 | 21 Aug 1485 |
| Hungerford & Bourchier (deserters to Henry) | 17 Aug 1485 | 21 Aug 1485 |
| Sir Gilbert Talbot's Shropshire retinue | 18 Aug 1485 | 19 Aug 1485 |
| Sir Robert Willoughby's mission to Sheriff Hutton | 24 Aug 1485 | 3 Sep 1485 |
| Humphrey & Thomas Stafford's Worcestershire rising | 31 Aug 1485 | 15 Jan 1487 |
| John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln (Lambert Simnel) | 2 Feb 1487 | 15 Jul 1487 |
| Thomas FitzGerald's Irish kerns | 10 May 1487 | 2 Jun 1487 |
| Lords Scrope of Bolton and Masham (feint on York) | 8 Jun 1487 | 16 Jun 1487 |
| Henry, Lord Clifford (York's royalist force) | 10 Jun 1487 | 12 Jun 1487 |
| Edward Woodville, Lord Scales (royal light horse) | 10 Jun 1487 | 16 Jun 1487 |

## Events

- **22 May 1455, First Battle of St Albans**: Street fight round St Peter's Street and the market place; Warwick broke through the back gardens of Holywell Street. Somerset, Northumberland and Clifford were killed and Henry VI captured, giving York control of government. Fewer than 60 killed (Jones).
- **19 Nov 1455, Skirmish at Powderham**: Bonville's attempt to relieve the Courtenay siege of Powderham Castle is beaten back; two of his men killed.
- **15 Dec 1455, Battle of Clyst Heath**: Climax of the Bonville-Courtenay private war: the Earl of Devon marched out of occupied Exeter and routed Lord Bonville. It brought York (as Protector) to the West Country and Devon to the Tower. Winner coded as Lancaster because Devon later fought for Henry VI.
- **20 Apr 1456, Warwick takes command at Calais**: Granted the captaincy in 1455, Warwick takes over the Calais garrison - England's only standing army - once its arrears are paid (DNB: 20 Apr 1456; Wikipedia: July 1456). Calais becomes the Yorkist base until 1460.
- **25 Mar 1458, The "Love Day" procession**: After the king's award of 24 March the rival lords walk hand in hand to St Paul's (Warwick with Exeter, York with the queen); the Yorkists pay for masses at St Albans. A brief truce.
- **24 Jun 1459, Great Council at Coventry indicts the Yorkists**: York, Salisbury and Warwick are excluded from the council and indicted; both sides arm over the summer (date approximate, June 1459).
- **23 Sep 1459, Battle of Blore Heath**: Salisbury, outnumbered, lures Audley's Cheshire horse across the Hempmill Brook and destroys them; Audley killed, Dudley captured. Fought 13:00-17:00 (Gregory). Let Salisbury reach York at Ludlow. Waurin is the only narrative source; Hall's details are late.
- **12 Oct 1459, Rout of Ludford Bridge**: No real battle: facing the king in person, Trollope's Calais contingent defects; York, Salisbury, Warwick and March abandon their army in the night and flee to Ireland and Calais. Ludlow is sacked next morning and the Yorkists are attainted at Coventry.
- **13 Oct 1459, Sack of Ludlow**: Royal troops plunder York's town and castle; Duchess Cecily and her younger children are taken and given to the Duchess of Buckingham.
- **20 Nov 1459, Parliament of Devils attaints the Yorkists**: Coventry parliament attaints York, his sons, Salisbury, Warwick and others; their lands pass to the crown.
- **23 Apr 1460, Fight at Newnham Bridge**: Somerset's biggest push from Guînes against Calais is beaten at the bridge of Nieulay; the Calais garrison stays Yorkist.
- **26 Jun 1460, Yorkist earls land at Sandwich**: Warwick, Salisbury and March cross from Calais with c. 2,000 men; Kent rises for them. Date disputed (21, 24 or 26 June).
- **2 Jul 1460, London opens its gates to the earls**: Mayor Hulin and Archbishop Bourchier receive the Yorkists.
- **10 Jul 1460, Battle of Northampton**: Warwick and March storm the royal camp in the meadows between Hardingstone and Delapré Abbey in heavy rain; Lord Grey of Ruthin lets them in. Buckingham, Shrewsbury, Beaumont and Egremont killed; Henry VI captured and taken to London.
- **10 Oct 1460, York claims the throne**: York enters Westminster Hall with his sword borne upright and lays his hand on the empty throne; the lords refuse to acclaim him. Formal claim 16 Oct.
- **31 Oct 1460, Act of Accord**: Henry VI keeps the crown for life; York and his heirs succeed, disinheriting Prince Edward. Margaret refuses and rallies the north.
- **16 Dec 1460, Skirmish at Worksop**: Somerset's men surprise York's scouts near Worksop. At most a minor skirmish that did not slow York; date 16 or 21 Dec. (Site or date disputed.)
- **30 Dec 1460, Battle of Wakefield**: York, Rutland and Salisbury are caught near Wakefield while their men forage; York and Rutland killed, Salisbury beheaded at Pontefract. Date (29/30 Dec) and site (traditional meadow below Sandal vs north of Wakefield near Stanley) disputed; Grummitt & Dawson (2025) call it an ambush, not a battle. (Site or date disputed.)
- **2 Jan 1461, Heads on Micklegate Bar**: York's head, crowned with paper, is set over the gate of York with Salisbury's and Rutland's; Edward takes it down on 30 March 1461. Date approximate.
- **2 Feb 1461, Battle of Mortimer's Cross**: Edward of March, 18, routs Jasper Tudor's Welsh-Irish-French army on the Lugg; Owen Tudor is beheaded at Hereford. Date 2 Feb (preferred) or 3 Feb; the BT survey (2018-22) puts the core of the action near West Town, Kingsland (-2.8231, 52.2479), south of the traditional site. (Site or date disputed.)
- **16 Feb 1461, Skirmish at Dunstable**: The northern army's swerve west overwhelms Warwick's outpost at Dunstable, led by the town butcher, who later hanged himself for shame (Gregory).
- **17 Feb 1461, Second Battle of St Albans**: After a night march from Dunstable the Lancastrians storm St Albans, then roll up Warwick's north-facing line on Bernards Heath. Henry VI is recovered; Bonville and Kyriell executed. Warwick escapes west. Timings vary: dawn attack on the town; main fighting from c. 13:00 to dusk (Milanese letter).
- **17 Feb 1461, London shuts its gates to Margaret**: The gates are kept "practically closed"; Londoners seize the carts of victuals the mayor sends to the queen; her knights are refused entry at Westminster.
- **4 Mar 1461, Edward proclaimed King Edward IV**: After acclamation in St John's Field and a council at Baynard's Castle (3 Mar), Edward takes the throne at Westminster and dates his reign from 4 March.
- **28 Mar 1461, Battle of Ferrybridge**: Clifford's dawn attack on the Yorkist bridging party kills Lord Fitzwalter and wounds Warwick; Edward forces the crossing, partly by Fauconberg's ford at Castleford. 28 March (Gregory, tradition) vs 29 March (Sutherland 2010). (Site or date disputed.)
- **28 Mar 1461, Skirmish at Dintingdale**: Clifford is overtaken and killed short of the Lancastrian lines. Place-name only in Hall; coordinates approximate (Saxton). (Site or date disputed.)
- **29 Mar 1461, Battle of Towton**: Palm Sunday battle in a snowstorm on the plateau between Saxton and Towton - the largest and bloodiest of the wars. Norfolk's late arrival breaks the Lancastrian left; Northumberland, Clifford, Dacre, Welles and Trollope die. Edward's crown is secured. (HE registered battlefield NGR SE 47858 36728 lies c. 1.7 km south of this point.)
- **25 Apr 1461, Berwick handed to the Scots**: Henry VI and Margaret surrender Berwick to Scotland, the price of Mary of Guelders's support.
- **25 Apr 1461, Berwick surrendered to the Scots**: Margaret handed Berwick to Scotland in Henry VI's name as the price of Scottish support.
- **18 Jun 1461, Relief of Carlisle**: Montagu raised the Lancastrian-Scottish siege of Carlisle; London heard that 6,000 Scots were killed. Date approximate (mid-June 1461). (Site or date disputed.)
- **28 Jun 1461, Coronation of Edward IV**: Edward IV crowned at Westminster.
- **28 Jun 1461, Coronation of Edward IV**: Edward IV crowned in Westminster Abbey.
- **30 Sep 1461, Pembroke Castle surrenders**: Sir John Scudamore surrendered to Herbert; four-year-old Henry Tudor passed into Herbert's custody.
- **16 Oct 1461, Battle of Twt Hill**: Herbert beat Jasper Tudor and the Duke of Exeter just outside Caernarfon, ending organised Lancastrian resistance in Wales except at Harlech. (Coordinates: Twthill district, OSM.)
- **25 Oct 1462, Margaret lands at Bamburgh**: Margaret, Henry VI and Brézé land with c. 800 French; Bamburgh, Alnwick and Dunstanburgh go over to Henry.
- **14 Nov 1462, Fight on Lindisfarne**: Shipwrecked French under Graville, holed up in the church on Holy Island, were killed or captured by John Manners and the Bastard of Ogle. Date approximate. (Site or date disputed.)
- **28 Dec 1462, Somerset submits to Edward IV**: After Bamburgh's surrender Somerset and Sir Ralph Percy swore allegiance to Edward at Durham.
- **5 Jan 1463, Stand-off at Alnwick**: Brézé and Angus arrived with a larger army; Warwick drew back, the Scots refused battle and evacuated the starving garrison; the remnant surrendered next day.
- **26 Jul 1463, Siege of Norham Castle**: After an 18-day siege by the Scots with Henry and Margaret, Warwick and Montagu relieved Norham and chased the Scots across the border. Day approximate (late July). (Site or date disputed.)
- **31 Jul 1463, Margaret sails from Bamburgh to Sluys**: Margaret, the prince, Brézé, Exeter, Fortescue and others sailed "in iiij balynggarys" to Sluys; she never returned to Britain until 1471.
- **9 Dec 1463, Anglo-Scottish truce signed at York**: Truce on land from 16 Dec 1463 to 31 Oct 1464; Scotland abandons the Lancastrians.
- **12 Dec 1463, Somerset defects back to Henry VI**: Somerset fled Wales to join Henry at Bamburgh; nearly taken in bed near Durham.
- **25 Apr 1464, Battle of Hedgeley Moor**: Montagu, on his way to fetch the Scottish envoys, broke Somerset's army on St Mark's Day; Sir Ralph Percy died in a last stand (Percy's Cross).
- **1 May 1464, Edward IV marries Elizabeth Woodville**: Secret May-Day wedding on the march north; it later drove Warwick to rebellion.
- **15 May 1464, Battle of Hexham**: Montagu surprised Somerset's camp near Hexham and routed it into the Devil's Water/Tyne; Somerset, Hungerford, Roos and ~30 leaders executed. Site disputed (Linnels per Scofield; Wikipedia 54.97,-2.10; the Levels 54.9436,-2.0763). (Site or date disputed.)
- **25 Jun 1464, Siege of Bamburgh Castle**: First English castle reduced by gunfire: the great guns breached Bamburgh and it was stormed; Grey executed at Doncaster 10 Jul.
- **13 Jul 1465, Henry VI captured**: Betrayed at Waddington Hall and taken at the Brungerley stepping-stones on the Ribble.
- **24 Jul 1465, Henry VI led to the Tower**: Warwick met him at Islington; led through Cheapside to the Tower.
- **20 Jul 1468, Rout of Jasper Tudor (Conwy valley)**: Richard Herbert scattered Jasper Tudor's raiders after they had burned Denbigh; twenty were beheaded. Place (Nant Conwy) and date approximate. (Site or date disputed.)
- **14 Aug 1468, Harlech surrenders**: David ap Ieuan ap Einion surrendered; 50 prisoners to the Tower. Herbert made Earl of Pembroke 8 Sep.
- **20 May 1469, Rout of Robin of Holderness**: Montagu (Earl of Northumberland) routed the Holderness rising at the gates of York and beheaded its leader. Date approximate (May 1469). (Site or date disputed.)
- **11 Jul 1469, Clarence marries Isabel Neville at Calais**: Archbishop Neville married Clarence and Warwick's daughter in defiance of the king; next day the rebels' open letter called their friends to Canterbury.
- **22 Jul 1469, Skirmish near Northampton**: The rebels beat off an attack by Pembroke's cavalry near Northampton woodland before Edgecote (Historic England). Date approximate. (Site or date disputed.)
- **24 Jul 1469, Battle of Edgecote Moor**: Robin of Redesdale's northerners, reinforced by Warwick's vanguard, destroyed Pembroke's Welsh army on Danes Moor; Pembroke and his brother were beheaded and the king fell into Warwick's hands. Date 24 Jul (Wikipedia, Coventry Leet Book, Hicks) or 26 Jul (Warkworth, Historic England); Historic England core at SP 5163 4684 (52.1175, -1.2474). (Site or date disputed.)
- **31 Jul 1469, Edward IV taken prisoner at Olney**: Deserted by his men after Edgecote, the king was arrested by Archbishop Neville (date approximate).
- **13 Oct 1469, Edward IV returns to London**: Freed by Warwick, the king rode into London with a thousand horse.
- **12 Mar 1470, Battle of Losecoat Field (Empingham)**: Edward routed Sir Robert Welles's Lincolnshire rebels near Empingham after beheading Lord Welles and Dymmock; captured papers exposed Clarence and Warwick.
- **12 Apr 1470, Fight off Southampton**: Lord Scales beat off Warwick's attempt to seize his great ship Trinity at Southampton, taking several ships and men (later impaled by Worcester). Date approximate. (Site or date disputed.)
- **16 Apr 1470, Calais refuses Warwick**: Lord Duras and the garrison fired on Warwick's ships; his daughter's child died at sea (date approximate).
- **13 Sep 1470, Warwick and Clarence land in Devon**: Landed after dark at Dartmouth and Plymouth and proclaimed Henry VI.
- **27 Sep 1470, Montagu defects to Warwick**: Montagu turned his army against Edward near Doncaster.
- **29 Sep 1470, Edward IV flees from Lynn**: Took ship on Michaelmas Day with Gloucester, Hastings, Rivers and Say (Warkworth); some give 2 Oct.
- **3 Oct 1470, Henry VI released from the Tower (Readeption)**: Henry VI is taken out of the Tower (3 Oct per Wikipedia; Warwick enters London and frees/escorts him on 6 Oct) and lodged at the Bishop of London's palace by St Paul's.
- **6 Oct 1470, Henry VI restored (Readeption)**: Warwick entered London and led Henry VI from the Tower; recrowned at St Paul's on 13 Oct; the readeption was dated from Michaelmas.
- **14 Mar 1471, Edward IV lands at Ravenspur**: Edward lands at the same place as Henry Bolingbroke in 1399, claiming only his duchy of York. Gloucester lands 4 miles away, Rivers at Paull.
- **26 Mar 1471, Newark scare (Lancastrian flight from Newark)**: No fighting: Edward's fore-riders appeared before Newark in the evening of the 25th and Exeter and Oxford fled at 2 a.m., losing part of their 4,000 men; Edward had advanced to within 3 miles.
- **29 Mar 1471, Warwick shut in Coventry**: Warwick refuses battle before Coventry's walls for three days and again on 5 April.
- **3 Apr 1471, Clarence rejoins Edward on the Banbury road**: Choreographed reconciliation between the two hosts 3 miles from Warwick; Clarence brings c. 4,000 men over.
- **11 Apr 1471, London opens to Edward IV**: The city admits Edward without resistance; Henry VI and Archbishop Neville are taken to the Tower.
- **14 Apr 1471, Battle of Barnet**: Easter Sunday, in thick mist from about 4-5 a.m.: the misaligned lines each turned a flank; Oxford's returning men were mistaken for enemies and attacked Montagu, "treason!" broke the Lancastrian line. Warwick and Montagu were killed; Edward was back at St Paul's the same day. Site still unlocated (traditional site north of Chipping Barnet). (Site or date disputed.)
- **14 Apr 1471, Margaret of Anjou lands at Weymouth**: Margaret and Prince Edward land on the day of Barnet.
- **2 May 1471, Skirmish at Chipping Sodbury**: Lancastrian harbingers in Sodbury town surprised 5-6 of Edward's quartermasters - cover for the army's turn north to Berkeley.
- **3 May 1471, Gloucester shuts its gates to Margaret**: At 10 a.m. Richard Beauchamp refuses entry and so denies the Severn bridge; a sally captures Lancastrian guns.
- **4 May 1471, Battle of Tewkesbury**: Margaret's exhausted army stood in hedged closes south of the town. Gloucester's guns and archers provoked Somerset into a flank attack that was beaten back and caught by 200 hidden spears; the Lancastrian centre collapsed, Prince Edward was killed and many drowned in the Swilgate/Mill Avon. It ended the Lancastrian line.
- **4 May 1471, Prince Edward of Lancaster killed**: "Edward, called Prince, was taken, fleeing to the town-wards, and slain, in the field" (Arrivall). Buried in Tewkesbury Abbey.
- **12 May 1471, Fight at London Bridge (first assault)**: First, probing attack on the bridge; the Great Stone Gate burned but the drawbridge held.
- **14 May 1471, Assault on London (Siege of London 1471)**: Fauconberg bombarded the City from Southwark and attacked London Bridge, Aldgate and Bishopsgate from 11 a.m.; sallies by the Earl of Essex, Rivers and the Tower garrison routed the rebels (at least 300 dead).
- **21 May 1471, Henry VI dies in the Tower**: Henry VI dies the night of Edward's return (Arrivall: 23 May, of "pure displeasure and melancholy"); almost certainly murdered. Body shown at St Paul's, buried at Chertsey.
- **2 Sep 1471, Jasper and Henry Tudor sail from Tenby**: Jasper and the 14-year-old Henry sail for France and are blown to Brittany (date disputed: 2 June or late Aug/Sept 1471).
- **30 Sep 1473, Oxford seizes St Michael's Mount**: Oxford and Beaumont take the Mount (397 men) and are besieged first by Bodrugan, then by Fortescue.
- **15 Feb 1474, Siege of St Michael's Mount**: Oxford held the Mount for 4.5 months (30 Sep 1473 - 15 Feb 1474); Fortescue's blockade, guns and pardons emptied the garrison.
- **29 Aug 1475, Treaty of Picquigny**: Edward and Louis XI meet on the bridge at Picquigny: seven-year truce, 75,000 crowns down and 50,000 a year; the army goes home.
- **21 Jul 1482, Lauder Bridge: James III seized by his lords**: Scottish nobles hang the King's favourites and take James III back to Edinburgh (22 July).
- **24 Aug 1482, Siege of Berwick Castle**: After a month's siege the Scottish garrison yielded Berwick castle on 24 August 1482 (alt. 23 or 26 Aug); Berwick has been English ever since.
- **24 Aug 1482, Berwick Castle surrenders**: Berwick returns to England for good.
- **9 Apr 1483, Edward IV dies at Westminster**: Edward IV dies; his 12-year-old son at Ludlow becomes Edward V.
- **30 Apr 1483, Arrest of Rivers at Northampton / seizure at Stony Stratford**: No fighting: Gloucester and Buckingham arrested Rivers at Northampton and Grey and Vaughan at Stony Stratford, dismissed the 2,000-man escort and took the King.
- **13 Jun 1483, Hastings executed at the Tower**: At a council in the Tower Gloucester accuses Hastings of treason; beheaded on Tower Green the same day; Morton and Rotherham arrested.
- **26 Jun 1483, Richard III accedes**: Petitioned at Baynard's Castle on 25 June, Richard takes the throne in Westminster Hall on 26 June (Croyland: 20 June).
- **6 Jul 1483, Coronation of Richard III and Anne Neville**: Crowned in Westminster Abbey.
- **18 Oct 1483, Buckingham raises his standard at Brecon**: Simultaneous risings planned on 18 October: Brecon, Kent, Guildford, Newbury, Salisbury, Exeter.
- **2 Nov 1483, Buckingham executed at Salisbury**: Betrayed by Ralph Banastre in Shropshire, brought to Salisbury and beheaded in the market place on a Sunday.
- **22 Jul 1484, Battle of Lochmaben Fair**: Albany and Douglas, exiles riding from England with Richard's licence, are routed by Scottish loyalists at Lochmaben fair; Douglas is captured. Their failure helped bring the Scots to the Nottingham truce of September 1484.
- **5 Nov 1484, Oxford escapes from Hammes with his gaoler Blount**: After Richard's order of 28 Oct to bring him to England, Oxford, Sir James Blount and Sir John Fortescue ride to Henry; Hammes declares for Henry (date approximate).
- **7 Aug 1485, Henry Tudor lands at Mill Bay**: Henry, Jasper Tudor, Oxford and c. 2,000 French mercenaries land unopposed at sunset near Dale.
- **16 Aug 1485, Rhys ap Thomas joins Henry at Long Mountain**: Richard's lieutenant in West Wales brings the South Welsh levies; Henry's army reaches c. 5,000.
- **21 Aug 1485, Henry meets the Stanleys at Atherstone; Savage, Sandford, Digby defect**: Council of war with Lord Stanley and Sir William; before evening Sir John Savage, Brian Sandford and Simon Digby desert Richard with picked men (Vergil).
- **22 Aug 1485, Battle of Bosworth**: Oxford's compact battle beats Norfolk's vanguard astride the Fenn Lanes; Richard's mounted charge at Henry is crushed when Sir William Stanley intervenes, Northumberland never engages, and Richard is killed in the marsh. The last English king killed in battle; the Tudor dynasty begins. Contemporary names: 'Redemore', 'Sandeford', 'Dadlington field'. Battle site disputed: Foard & Curry (Battlefields Trust survey 2005-09, round shot + boar badge) put the core 3 km SW of Ambion Hill astride the Fenn Lanes Roman road (52.5781,-1.4339), accepted by Historic England. Alternatives: Ambion Hill/Richard's Field (traditional, Williams 1974; 52.5963,-1.4080); Foss's 'Redemore' between Ambion Hill and Dadlington; M.K. Jones's Atherstone/Merevale site; Shaw & Shaw's Wellsborough. (Site or date disputed.)
- **22 Aug 1485, Henry proclaimed king on Crown Hill**: Acclaimed on the hill near Stoke Golding; Lord Stanley sets Richard's circlet on his head (Vergil).
- **3 Sep 1485, Henry VII enters London**: Met at Shoreditch; offers three standards at St Paul's. Great Chronicle dates the reception 27 Aug.
- **30 Oct 1485, Coronation of Henry VII**: Crowned in Westminster Abbey by Cardinal Bourchier.
- **18 Jan 1486, Henry VII marries Elizabeth of York**: The union of Lancaster and York at Westminster.
- **20 Apr 1486, Henry VII enters York**: Richard III's city welcomes the new king with pageants while Lovell's rising collapses in the North Riding.
- **19 Mar 1487, Lincoln flees to Burgundy**: Richard III's designated heir goes to Margaret of York at Mechelen (19 Mar per Wikipedia).
- **24 May 1487, Lambert Simnel crowned 'Edward VI' in Dublin**: Crowned in Christ Church Cathedral; an Irish parliament is summoned in his name.
- **4 Jun 1487, Rebels land in Furness**: Landing at Piel Island/Foulney (4 or 5 Jun); Sir Thomas Broughton joins; court held at Piel Castle.
- **10 Jun 1487, Night attack at Tadcaster (Bramham Moor)**: From their camp on Bramham Moor, Lovell's 2,000 surprise Lord Clifford's 400 royalists at Tadcaster by night and rout them back to York. Time approximate.
- **12 Jun 1487, Skirmishes in Sherwood (Doncaster to Nottingham)**: Three days of running fights between Lord Scales's royal horse and Lincoln's army from outside Doncaster through Sherwood; Scales falls back to Nottingham. Marker placed at Ollerton (central Sherwood) - location inferred.
- **12 Jun 1487, Attack on Bootham Bar, York**: The Scropes of Bolton and Masham assault York's north gate in Simnel's name; repulsed, they withdraw north and draw Northumberland's army after them. Date 12 Jun (Wikipedia) or 11 Jun (VCH York). (Site or date disputed.)
- **16 Jun 1487, Battle of Stoke Field**: Lincoln's Germans, Irish and English Yorkists charge Oxford's vanguard from the ridge SW of East Stoke; after three hours the royal archers and reinforcements break them and they are slaughtered in the Red Gutter by the Trent. Lincoln, Schwartz and FitzGerald killed, Simnel captured: the last battle of the Wars of the Roses. Coordinates: Historic England NGR SK 742490 (Wikipedia infobox 53.035,-0.888).
- **16 Jun 1487, Lambert Simnel captured**: Taken by Robert Bellingham, esquire of the household; spared and set to work in the royal kitchen.
- Plus 172 smaller events, shown as dots on the map.